Library of Frequently Asked Questions
The I.U.D.
The intrauterine (in-truh-u-ter-in) device, or IUD (I-U-D), is a prescription birth control device made of plastic that contains the metal “copper” or a hormone. The IUD sits permanently in the uterus just above the cervical opening with a nylon thread trailing into the vagina. The way the IUD prevents pregnancy is not entirely clear. It is believed to create a low-grade inflammation of the uterus, which prevents implantation of a fertilized ovum. Because of increasing concern about its safety, the IUD is no longer widely available in the United States.
If you decide to use an IUD, you’ll need to see your doctor for a pelvic exam. After the IUD is inserted, you may experience cramping, dizziness, and backaches for a few days which may be eased with rest and pain medication. Antibiotics may be prescribed to reduce the chance of infection during insertion.
It is important to have the IUD checked periodically by a physician to ensure it is in proper position. IUD’s containing copper may be left in place for up to eight years, whereas other types must be replaced every year.
Some disadvantages to using an IUD may include increased cramping, bleeding between periods, and heavier or longer periods. Serious risks associated with the IUD include an increased chance of tubal infection, which can lead to sterility, and ectopic (eck-top-ick) or tubal pregnancies if the IUD fails. On rare occasions, the IUD may puncture the uterine wall.
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